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Youssef Moustafa Nada (born 17 May 1931, in Egypt) is a noted businessman and Muslim Brotherhood financial strategist. Nada is most famous for raising successful European human rights legal cases to defend himself against accusations of terrorism by the United States. The U.S. accusations, made directly after the 9/11 attacks, resulted in his placement on the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267 terror blacklist. In 2001, Nada, former chairman of al Taqwa Bank, was placed on the UN terror list by the US Treasury Department. Nada was alleged to have financed activities of al Qaeda, charges Nada vehemently denied. The U.S. accusation was made applicable under the UN terror-listing program and affected his life in Switzerland, notably his assets, reputation, honor, and ability to move freely. In 2006, he sued the Swiss government for restitution of financial losses due to the Swiss investigation. By 2009, both the Swiss and Italian investigations of Nada were dropped as no evidence was found to support the U.S. accusations. Both Switzerland and Italy petitioned the UN Terrorism Committee to remove Nada's name from the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267 blacklist, at the objection of the United States. The U.S. finally acquiesced to his removal on 24 September 2009, but retained Nada on the domestic U.S. Treasury list under Executive Order 13224. The United States refuses to disclose evidence of Nada's guilt, claiming that the evidence is classified. Between 2007–2009, Nada's ordeal was the focal point of a Council of Europe Parliamentary human rights investigation of the UN terror-blacklisting procedures, and the UN Terrorism Committee in general. In 2008, Nada raised a case against Switzerland at the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. On 12 September 2012, the European Court of Human Rights ruled in favor of Nada,〔 citing that Nada's human rights had been violated,〔(In Nada v. Switzerland, ECHR Finds Swiss Implementation of UN Counter-Terror Sanctions Violated Rights to Respect for Private and Family Life, Effective Remedy ), International Justice Resource Center, 13 September 2012〕〔(Bern violated Youssef Nada's rights: Court ), ''The Local'' (Switzerland's English-language paper), 12 September 2012]〕 in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights. In this ruling the government of Switzerland was ordered to pay Nada 30,000 Euros in damages, for their treatment of him as a person placed — with no evidence of guilt — on the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1267 terror blacklist by the United States.〔(Parliamentary Assembly - Committee on Legal Affairs and Human Rights, UN Security Council black lists, Introductory memorandum ), AS/Jur (2007) 14, 19 March 2007〕 ==Personal history== Youssef Nada was born on 17 May 1931 in Alexandria, Egypt.〔Government of Canada: (SOR/2001-491: Regulations Amending the United Nations Suppression of Terrorism Regulations ), ''Canada Gazette'', vol 135, no 5, 9 November 2001〕 〔(Das Eidgenössische Volkswirtschaftsdepartement, gestützt auf Artikel 16 des Embargogesetzes vom 22 ). März 20021〕 In his late teens, Nada became affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood.〔(U.N. Drops Muslim Brotherhood Figure From 'Terrorist Finance' List ), Mark Hosenball, ''Newsweek'' (''The Daily Beast''), 17 March 2010〕 Between 1952–54, Nada placed with the Muslim Brotherhood in a desert-based Egyptian military concentration camp. Many persons imprisoned in this camp were tortured. After release, Nada returned to University in Alexandria and began a business with a friend, producing milk.〔 (authorized biography of Nada)〕 In the late 1950s, Nada moved to Europe, setting in Austria, and began working with a cheese factory in Graz. In 1961, a close friend of Nada's invited him to Libya where a construction boom was developing. Nada seized on the occasion and started to spend his time between Libya and Austria. In a matter of a few years he became the largest supplier of cement to the North African country. The activity led him to partner with Cementir, the Italian cement maker, to develop in 1965 the world's first floating cement silos, two barges named GI-1 and GD-2 able to store bulk cement and loaded with bagging facilities. Cement soon became his main business along with smaller operations in other commodities ranging from steel to agricultural materials. Nada had tremendous business success in his ventures with Saudi Arabia, Libya and eventually, the Nigerian government.〔〔(Bern violated Youssef Nada's rights: Court ), Associated France Press (AFP) reported in ''The Local'' (Swiss News in English), 12 September 2012〕 During the 1960s, the Egyptian government fell back into conflict with the Muslim Brotherhood. Youssef Nada became one of the members wanted by the Egyptians. This led to Nada settling permanently in Europe.〔 By 2001, the time of the accusations for which he became famous, Nada was resident of Italy. He lived in Campione, a small Italian 'enclave' adjacent to the Swiss canton of Ticino.〔 The nature of the situation logistics of Campione made traversal of Swiss territory imperative, a situation which led to eventual legal entanglement with the Swiss government. This as a by-product of the applicability of the UN sanctions to all UN Member-states, including Switzerland. 〔(Youssef Nada gagne son procès contre la Suisse ), ''Le Matin'', 12 September 2012〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Youssef Nada」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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